How to improve photovoltaic power generation?

Basic principle of photovoltaic power station

Photovoltaic power station is a power generation system that uses solar photovoltaic effect to convert light energy into electrical energy. It is mainly composed of photovoltaic modules, supports, inverters, distribution boxes and cables. PV modules are the core part of photovoltaic power stations, which convert sunlight into direct current, and then convert into alternating current through inverters, and finally join the grid or for users to use.

Factors affecting the power generation of photovoltaic power stations

The power generation of photovoltaic power stations is affected by many factors, mainly including the following aspects:

1. Light conditions: light intensity, light time and spectral distribution are the key factors affecting the power generation efficiency of photovoltaic modules. The stronger the light intensity, the more power the photovoltaic module output; The longer the light time, the greater the power generation; Different spectral distributions also affect the power generation efficiency of photovoltaic modules.
2. Temperature conditions: The temperature of a photovoltaic module has a significant impact on its power generation efficiency. Generally speaking, the higher the temperature of the photovoltaic module, the lower the photoelectric conversion efficiency, resulting in a decrease in power generation; The peak power temperature coefficient of photovoltaic modules is affected by temperature, that is, the temperature rises, the power generation of photovoltaic modules decreases, in theory, the temperature rises one degree, the power generation of photovoltaic power stations will decrease by about 0.3%; The inverter is also afraid of heat, the inverter is composed of many electronic components, the main parts will generate heat when working, if the inverter temperature is too high, the performance of the components will decline, and then affect the whole life of the inverter, the whole station power generation operation has a greater impact.
3. Performance of solar panels: the photoelectric conversion efficiency, anti-attenuation performance and weather resistance of photovoltaic panels directly affect its power generation. Efficient and stable photovoltaic modules are the basis for improving the power generation of photovoltaic power stations.
4. Power station design and installation: the design layout of photovoltaic power stations, shadow occlusion, component installation Angle and spacing will affect the power station's reception and utilization efficiency of sunlight.
5. Power station operation and maintenance management: The operation and maintenance management of photovoltaic modules, inverters and other equipment of the power station, such as cleaning and maintenance, troubleshooting and equipment update, is crucial to ensure the stable operation of the power station and improve the power generation.

Measures to increase the power generation of photovoltaic power stations

In view of the above influencing factors, we can take the following measures to improve the power generation of photovoltaic power stations:

1.Optimize the selection and layout of photovoltaic systems

1. Select efficient photovoltaic modules: In the market, efficient photovoltaic modules usually have a high photoelectric conversion efficiency. Therefore, in the initial stage of power plant construction, priority should be given to those photovoltaic modules that have been certified by authoritative institutions and have efficient and stable performance.
2. Reasonable layout of photovoltaic modules: According to the geographical conditions of the location of the power station, climate characteristics and the distribution of light resources, reasonable planning of the layout of photovoltaic modules. By adjusting the installation Angle and spacing of the components, the power station can receive the maximum amount of sunlight, thereby increasing the power generation.

2.Improve the power generation efficiency of photovoltaic systems

1. Reduce the component temperature: The use of good heat dissipation performance of the bracket and heat sink, increase the ventilation, reduce the operating temperature of the component, so as to improve its photoelectric conversion efficiency.
2. Improve equipment ventilation: For electrical equipment such as inverters, choose products with good heat dissipation performance, optimize the ventilation environment in the design layout, add inverter canopy to prevent direct sunlight, and improve the service life of inverter equipment.
3. Reduce shadow occlusion: When designing the power station, the shadow occlusion problem that may be caused by surrounding buildings, trees, etc. should be fully considered. Through reasonable planning of the layout of the power station, the influence of the shadow on the photovoltaic module is reduced to ensure the stable operation of the power station.

3.Strengthen the operation and maintenance management of power stations

1. Regular cleaning of photovoltaic modules: regular cleaning of photovoltaic modules to remove dust, dirt and other pollutants on the surface, to maintain the high transmittance of the components, thereby improving the power generation; Inverter installation should not exist corrosion, ash and other environment, installation distance and heat dissipation environment should be good;
2. Strengthen equipment maintenance: Regularly check and maintain power plant equipment, including inverters, distribution boxes, cables, etc., to ensure their normal operation. Repair or replace the faulty equipment in time to avoid affecting the power generation of the power station.
3. Establishment of data monitoring system: through the installation of data monitoring equipment, real-time monitoring of power station operating status, power generation and other data, to provide a scientific basis for operation and maintenance management.

4.Application of new technology and intelligent management

1. Introduction of intelligent tracking system: The use of solar tracking technology, so that photovoltaic modules can automatically adjust the Angle and direction, follow the movement of the sun, so as to maximize the absorption of solar energy.
2. The use of energy storage technology: The introduction of energy storage systems in photovoltaic power stations can provide power support when the light is insufficient or the grid demand is peak, and improve the power supply reliability and power generation utilization of the power station.
3. Implementation of intelligent management: With the help of the Internet of Things, big data and other modern information technology means, to achieve the intelligent management of photovoltaic power stations. Through remote monitoring, data analysis and other functions, improve the operation efficiency and management level of power station.

Finally

Improving the power generation of photovoltaic power station is a systematic project involving many aspects. By optimizing the selection and layout of photovoltaic system, improving the power generation efficiency of the system, strengthening the operation and maintenance management of the power station and applying new technologies and intelligent management measures, we can effectively improve the power generation of photovoltaic power stations; However, considering many factors such as power plant cost investment, a more balanced and reasonable scheme should be sought in actual power plant planning.